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Alectinib Hydrochloride

This page provides concise information on alectinib hydrochloride, including its indications, dosage and administration, mechanism of action, associated brands with strengths, warnings, and common side effects.

Background and Date of Approval

Alectinib contains the active ingredient Alectinib Hydrochloride and is utilized as an anti-cancer medication to address Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), an advanced and metastatic form of lung cancer. It is effective in treating NSCLC that has spread to other body parts, including the brain. Alectinib is generally well-tolerated, exhibiting fewer side effects compared to traditional chemotherapy. This can enhance a patient’s quality of life during treatment, allowing them to maintain their daily activities. FDA approved Alectinib in 2015 for its application in treating advanced-stage lung cancer. Developed by the Roche group, it is specifically designed for lung cancers testing positive for the ALK gene mutation.

Mechanism of Action of Alectinib Hydrochloride

Alectinib’s mechanism of action is linked to its capacity to target a specific genetic mutation known as anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. By inhibiting the ALK protein, alectinib can impede or halt the growth and dissemination of cancer cells possessing the ALK genetic mutation.

AVAILABLE BRANDS

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Alecensa 150mg Capsule
Roche Products India Pvt Ltd ₹124607.00

Uses of Alectinib Hydrochloride

Alectinib is prescribed for non-small cell lung cancer, specifically designed to address ALK-positive lung cancer.

Alectinib Hydrochloride Drug administaration and Dosage available

Alectinib is administered orally in capsule form and should be ingested with food. The capsules must be swallowed whole with water and should not be crushed, chewed, or opened. The appropriate dosage and treatment duration are individualized based on the person’s condition and response to the medication, as determined by a healthcare provider. If a dose is overlooked, it should be taken promptly unless it is within 12 hours of the next scheduled dose, in which case the missed dose should be skipped. It is advised not to take double doses to compensate for a missed one.

Warnings, Precautions and Side Effects of Alectinib Hydrochloride

Warnings

Alectinib has the potential to induce liver damage, presenting as abnormalities in liver function and elevated liver enzymes. If such abnormalities are identified, treatment with this medication may require interruption or discontinuation. In certain cases, it may lead to interstitial lung disease (ILD) or pneumonitis, with the possibility of being fatal. Alectinib can also result in a slow heart rate (bradycardia) and other cardiac effects. Renal impairment, including acute kidney injury, is another possible side effect. The administration of Alectinib to pregnant women can pose a risk of fetal harm. Additionally, it is not deemed safe for prescription to individuals under the age of 18, including children and young adults.

Precautions

Patients with pre-existing liver, lung, kidney, or heart conditions should inform their healthcare provider before initiating treatment. Regular monitoring and potential dose adjustments may be necessary for such patients. While undergoing treatment with Alectinib, it is advisable to use sun protection or apply sunscreen, as the drug may heighten the risk of sunburns. To prevent serious side effects, it is important to inform your doctor if you are concurrently using other medications, including antifungal drugs, antibiotics, anti-HIV medications, and cardiac drugs. Women of childbearing potential should practice effective contraception throughout the treatment period and for at least one week after the last dose.

Side Effects

Common side effects observed during Alectinib treatment include muscle damage, liver abnormalities, nausea, constipation, diarrhea, rashes, weight gain, altered taste, and fatigue.

Word Of Advice

Alectinib is a potent medication with the potential for serious side effects. It is crucial to adhere to your healthcare provider’s instructions, promptly report any side effects or changes in health, and inform your doctor if you are using contraceptives. For women at risk of pregnancy, effective birth control should be employed during treatment and for at least three months after the last dose. Prior to taking the medication, disclose any history of stomach, intestine, abdomen, heart, or lung inflammation to your doctor. Cancer patients are advised to maintain a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while limiting processed and high-fat foods. Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water is also recommended during cancer treatment.

Frequently Asked Question

ALK positive lung cancer is a subset of lung cancer which is common in non smokers < 55 years. ALK is a protein that stands for anaplastic lymphoma Kinase and mutation in this gene causes lung cancer cells to grow in a rapid fashion.
Weight gain is a potential side effect of alectinib, although it is not very common. If you notice unexplained weight gain while taking alectinib, notify your healthcare provider.
Mood changes and depression have been reported in some patients taking alectinib. If you experience any changes in your mood or feelings of depression while taking alectinib, notify your healthcare provider. They may recommend additional support or treatment for depression.
Alectinib has been shown to be effective in treating brain metastases in patients with ALK-positive NSCLC. It can cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the brain tissue, which may help to control the growth of cancer cells in the brain.
Alectinib does not appear to be significantly metabolized by the kidneys, so it may be used in patients with mild to moderate kidney problems without dosage adjustment. However, patients with severe kidney problems may need dosage adjustments or additional monitoring.

References

  1. Roche, Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC), [Revised on January 2022] [Accessed on 15th April 2023] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.2438.pdf
  2. Genentech, Inc., [Revised on September 2021] [Accessed on 15th April 2023], https://www.gene.com/download/pdf/alecensa_prescribing.pdf
  3. Goodman & Gilman’s Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 13th Edition, 2018, 1203-1236.
  4. Genentech , Inc.U.S FDA (Food and Drug Safety Adminitstration), [ Last Revised November 2016], [Accessed on 15th April 2023], https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/208434s003lbl.pdf

Disclaimer

The drug information on this page is different from medical advice. It is meant for educational purposes only. For further details, consult your doctor about your medical condition to know if you can receive this treatment.